Finance is the science of funds management. The general areas

of finance are business finance, personal finance, and public
 
finance. Finance includes saving money and often includes

lending money. The field of finance deals with the concepts of
 
time, money and risk and how they are interrelated. It also

deals with how money is spent and budgeted.

Finance works most basically through individuals and business

organizations depositing money in a bank. The bank then

lends the money out to other individuals or corporations for
 
consumption or investment, and charges interest on the loans.

Loans have become increasingly packaged for resale, meaning

that an investor buys the loan (debt) from a bank or directly

from a corporation. Bonds are debt sold directly to investors

from corporations, while that investor can then hold the debt

and collect the interest or sell the debt on a secondary market.

Banks are the main facilitators of funding through the provision

of credit, although private equity, mutual funds, hedge funds,
 
and other organizations have become important as they invest
 
in various forms of debt. Financial assets, known as

investments, are financially managed with careful attention to

financial risk management to control financial risk. Financial

instruments allow many forms of securitized assets to be traded

on securities exchanges such as stock exchanges, including debt

such as bonds as well as equity .